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Echarts通过Jquery添加下拉列表动态改变展示的数据和图表

2024-01-25 11:01:32 前端知识 前端哥 616 569 我要收藏

前言

  在项目中，有时候我们会一些需求，比如要用Echarts绘制一个饼状图，并且要设置一个下拉列表，当我点击某个选项的时候，饼状图里面的数据会改变，图表样式也会发生改变。我们可以配合Jquery来实现这个功能。

准备工作

  首先，去下载Jquery和Echarts的Js包，引入项目当中，这里给个地址：
  Jquery：https://jquery.com/download/
  Echarts：https://github.com/apache/echarts/releases

编写Html和CSS代码

  因为要用到Echarts，所以我们需要准备一个定义了宽高的盒子，也就是一个div标签，用来显示饼状图。

        <div class="panel pie1">
            <!--一个面板划分为两部分，标题和图表-->
            <h2>广西各县域耕地碳储量占比(总-万吨)</h2>
            <div class="chart">图表</div>
            <!--每一个盒子只有一个before和after，面板要设置四个角的话，需要在添加一个盒子才行-->
            <div class="panel-footer"></div>
        </div>
复制
.panel {
  height: 300px;
  width: 400px;
}
复制

编写Js代码

  Html代码主要是用来组织结构的，Js代码才是核心代码。我们可以先准备好要切换的数据（注意：数据是伪造的）：

var cityData = [
        {
            name: '广西全省',
            data: [
                {value: 17.05, name: '南宁市'},
                {value: 14.40, name: '柳州市'},
                {value: 18.03, name: '桂林市'},
                {value: 58.57, name: '梧州市'},
                {value: 83.17, name: '北海市'},
                {value: 44.69, name: '防城港市'},
                {value: 145.66, name: '钦州市'},
                {value: 172.15, name: '贵港市'},
                {value: 129.59, name: '玉林市'},
                {value: 158.79, name: '百色市'},
                {value: 66.44, name: '贺州市'},
                {value: 150.46, name: '河池市'},
                {value: 102.63, name: '来宾市'},
                {value: 161.69, name: '崇左市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '南宁市',
            data: [
                {value: 7.88, name: '兴宁区'},
                {value: 6.91, name: '青秀区'},
                {value: 19.90, name: '江南区'},
                {value: 09.44, name: '西乡塘区'},
                {value: 4.82, name: '良庆区'},
                {value: 18.42, name: '邕宁区'},
                {value: 28.83, name: '武鸣区'},
                {value: 62.03, name: '隆安县'},
                {value: 32.48, name: '马山县'},
                {value: 26.50, name: '上林县'},
                {value: 61.25, name: '宾阳县'},
                {value: 01.59, name: '横州市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '柳州市',
            data: [
                {value: 1.22, name: '城中区'},
                {value: 0.50, name: '鱼峰区'},
                {value: 5.60, name: '柳南区'},
                {value: 2.19, name: '柳北区'},
                {value: 20.41, name: '柳江区'},
                {value: 43.90, name: '柳城县'},
                {value: 60.01, name: '鹿寨县'},
                {value: 12.50, name: '融安县'},
                {value: 61.72, name: '融水苗族自治县'},
                {value: 9.35, name: '三江侗族自治县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '桂林市',
            data: [
                {value: 42.09, name: '秀峰区'},
                {value: 343.81, name: '叠彩区'},
                {value: 734.00, name: '象山区'},
                {value: 253.88, name: '七星区'},
                {value: 25535.11, name: '雁山区'},
                {value: 153535.44, name: '临桂区'},
                {value: 48.7606, name: '阳朔县'},
                {value: 725.65, name: '灵川县'},
                {value: 22256.44, name: '全州县'},
                {value: 1469.74, name: '兴安县'},
                {value: 46255.82, name: '永福县'},
                {value: 52753.63, name: '灌阳县'},
                {value: 2675.94, name: '龙胜各族自治县'},
                {value: 5266.66, name: '资源县'},
                {value: 5267.15, name: '平乐县'},
                {value: 52554.60, name: '恭城瑶族自治县'},
                {value: 2540.02, name: '荔浦市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '梧州市',
            data: [
                {value: 2413.66, name: '万秀区'},
                {value: 249.05, name: '长洲区'},
                {value: 5249.93, name: '龙圩区'},
                {value: 3467.67, name: '苍梧县'},
                {value: 24235.40, name: '藤县'},
                {value: 4212446.06, name: '蒙山县'},
                {value: 4634156.79, name: '岑溪市'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '北海市',
            data: [
                {value: 8.13, name: '海城区'},
                {value: 103.88, name: '银海区'},
                {value: 95.09, name: '铁山港区'},
                {value: 376.07, name: '合浦县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '防城港市',
            data: [
                {value: 4615.42, name: '港口区'},
                {value: 116464.58, name: '防城区'},
                {value: 186449.25, name: '上思县'},
                {value: 26445.43, name: '东兴市'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '钦州市',
            data: [
                {value: 253216.19, name: '钦南区'},
                {value: 2253444.46, name: '钦北区'},
                {value: 46301.32, name: '灵山县'},
                {value: 186363.70, name: '浦北县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '贵港市',
            data: [
                {value: 16375.75, name: '港北区'},
                {value: 22463.02, name: '港南区'},
                {value: 16373.68, name: '覃塘区'},
                {value: 36365.21, name: '平南县'},
                {value: 59633.50, name: '桂平市'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '玉林市',
            data: [
                {value: 6263.47, name: '玉州区'},
                {value: 10663.27, name: '福绵区'},
                {value: 16352.76, name: '容县'},
                {value: 16635.44, name: '陆川县'},
                {value: 36363.85, name: '博白县'},
                {value: 1684.96, name: '兴业县'},
                {value: 63203.82, name: '北流市'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '百色市',
            data: [
                {value: 85.15, name: '右江区'},
                {value: 108.91, name: '田阳区'},
                {value: 126.81, name: '田东县'},
                {value: 126.26, name: '德保县'},
                {value: 66.76, name: '那坡县'},
                {value: 58569.56, name: '凌云县'},
                {value: 4577.07, name: '乐业县'},
                {value: 1273.76, name: '田林县'},
                {value: 574745.41, name: '西林县'},
                {value: 147491.67, name: '隆林各族自治县'},
                {value: 21745.54, name: '靖西市'},
                {value: 12174.89, name: '平果市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '贺州市',
            data: [
                {value: 151.7415, name: '八步区'},
                {value: 102747.34, name: '平桂区'},
                {value: 53474.78, name: '昭平县'},
                {value: 13374.87, name: '钟山县'},
                {value: 187475.30, name: '富川瑶族自治县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '河池市',
            data: [
                {value: 9851.23, name: '金城江区'},
                {value: 353.60, name: '宜州区'},
                {value: 1385857.77, name: '南丹县'},
                {value: 56.20, name: '天峨县'},
                {value: 688559.20, name: '凤山县'},
                {value: 9853.06, name: '东兰县'},
                {value: 187.93, name: '罗城仫佬族自治县'},
                {value: 18591.88, name: '环江毛南族自治县'},
                {value: 7758.52, name: '巴马瑶族自治县'},
                {value: 18579.85, name: '都安瑶族自治县'},
                {value: 11582.21, name: '大化瑶族自治县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '来宾市',
            data: [
                {value: 78513.64, name: '兴宾区'},
                {value: 16851.14, name: '忻城县'},
                {value: 16385.19, name: '象州县'},
                {value: 20588.51, name: '武宣县'},
                {value: 18582.55, name: '金秀瑶族自治县'},
                {value: 43585.61, name: '合山市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '崇左市',
            data: [
                {value: 3885874.22, name: '江州区'},
                {value: 385572.66, name: '扶绥县'},
                {value: 278584.62, name: '宁明县'},
                {value: 858219.63, name: '龙州县'},
                {value: 23850.09, name: '大新县'},
                {value: 153855.80, name: '天等县'},
                {value: 268585.68, name: '凭祥市'}
            ]
        }
    ]
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  按照一般的饼状图代码先绘制一个不能改变的饼状图：

var myChart = echarts.init(document.querySelector('.pie1 .chart'));
    var option = {
        tooltip: {
            trigger: 'item',
            formatter: '{a} <br/>{b} : {c} ({d}%)'
        },
        legend: {
            bottom: '0%',
            itemWidth: 10,
            itemHeight: 10,
            //图例文字设置
            textStyle: {
                color: "rgba(255,255,255,.5)",
                fontSize: "12"
            }
        },
        series: [
            {
                //color: ['#006cff', '#60cda0', '#ed8884', '#ff9f7f', '#0096ff', '#9fe6b8', '#32c5e9', '#1d9dff'],
                name: cityData[0].name,
                type: 'pie',
                //内圆半径和外圆半径
                radius: ['10%', '70%'],
                //水平居中和垂直居中
                center: ['50%', '40%'],
                roseType: 'radius',
                // 文本标签控制饼形图文字的相关样式， 注意它是一个对象
                label: {
                    color: '#fff',
                    fontSize: 12,
                },
                //引导线调整
                labelLine: {
                    show: true,
                    //连接扇形图线长
                    length: 6,
                    //连接文字线长
                    length2: 8
                },
                data: cityData[0].data
            }
        ]
    };
    myChart.setOption(option);
    //4、让图表跟随屏幕自适应
    window.addEventListener("resize", function () {
        myChart.resize();
    });
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  效果如下：
在这里插入图片描述

添加下拉列表和事件

  我们在标题旁边添加一个下拉列表：

        <div class="panel pie1">
            <!--一个面板划分为两部分，标题和图表-->
            <h2>广西各县域耕地碳储量占比(总-万吨)
                <select class="code-select">
                    <option value="广西全省">广西全省</option>
                    <option value="南宁市">南宁市</option>
                    <option value="柳州市">柳州市</option>
                    <option value="桂林市">桂林市</option>
                    <option value="梧州市">梧州市</option>
                    <option value="北海市">北海市</option>
                    <option value="防城港市">防城港市</option>
                    <option value="钦州市">钦州市</option>
                    <option value="贵港市">贵港市</option>
                    <option value="玉林市">玉林市</option>
                    <option value="百色市">百色市</option>
                    <option value="贺州市">贺州市</option>
                    <option value="河池市">河池市</option>
                    <option value="来宾市">来宾市</option>
                    <option value="崇左市">崇左市</option>
                </select>
            </h2>
            <div class="chart">图表</div>
            <!--每一个盒子只有一个before和after，面板要设置四个角的话，需要在添加一个盒子才行-->
            <div class="panel-footer"></div>
        </div>
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  通过Jquery来捕获被点击的下拉列表索引，并且根据不同的选项切换不同的数据：

    //5、选择要显示的市区
    $('.code-select').on('change', function () {
        //获取选中的option的索引值
        var index = $(".code-select").get(0).selectedIndex;
        //更换数据
        option.series[0].name = cityData[index].name;
        option.series[0].data = cityData[index].data;
        //重新渲染
        myChart.setOption(option);
    });
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  这里特别要注意的是，切换数据之后，要重新渲染页面，否则饼状图是不会改变的！！！

  效果如下：
在这里插入图片描述

  默认是显示第一份数据，点击下拉列表的不同选项会动态改变展示的数据和图表样式，如图：
在这里插入图片描述

完整代码

//饼状图1——广西各县域耕地碳储量占比
(function () {
    var cityData = [
        {
            name: '广西全省',
            data: [
                {value: 17.05, name: '南宁市'},
                {value: 14.40, name: '柳州市'},
                {value: 18.03, name: '桂林市'},
                {value: 58.57, name: '梧州市'},
                {value: 83.17, name: '北海市'},
                {value: 44.69, name: '防城港市'},
                {value: 145.66, name: '钦州市'},
                {value: 172.15, name: '贵港市'},
                {value: 129.59, name: '玉林市'},
                {value: 158.79, name: '百色市'},
                {value: 66.44, name: '贺州市'},
                {value: 150.46, name: '河池市'},
                {value: 102.63, name: '来宾市'},
                {value: 161.69, name: '崇左市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '南宁市',
            data: [
                {value: 7.88, name: '兴宁区'},
                {value: 6.91, name: '青秀区'},
                {value: 19.90, name: '江南区'},
                {value: 09.44, name: '西乡塘区'},
                {value: 4.82, name: '良庆区'},
                {value: 18.42, name: '邕宁区'},
                {value: 28.83, name: '武鸣区'},
                {value: 62.03, name: '隆安县'},
                {value: 32.48, name: '马山县'},
                {value: 26.50, name: '上林县'},
                {value: 61.25, name: '宾阳县'},
                {value: 01.59, name: '横州市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '柳州市',
            data: [
                {value: 1.22, name: '城中区'},
                {value: 0.50, name: '鱼峰区'},
                {value: 5.60, name: '柳南区'},
                {value: 2.19, name: '柳北区'},
                {value: 20.41, name: '柳江区'},
                {value: 43.90, name: '柳城县'},
                {value: 60.01, name: '鹿寨县'},
                {value: 12.50, name: '融安县'},
                {value: 61.72, name: '融水苗族自治县'},
                {value: 9.35, name: '三江侗族自治县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '桂林市',
            data: [
                {value: 42.09, name: '秀峰区'},
                {value: 343.81, name: '叠彩区'},
                {value: 734.00, name: '象山区'},
                {value: 253.88, name: '七星区'},
                {value: 25535.11, name: '雁山区'},
                {value: 153535.44, name: '临桂区'},
                {value: 48.7606, name: '阳朔县'},
                {value: 725.65, name: '灵川县'},
                {value: 22256.44, name: '全州县'},
                {value: 1469.74, name: '兴安县'},
                {value: 46255.82, name: '永福县'},
                {value: 52753.63, name: '灌阳县'},
                {value: 2675.94, name: '龙胜各族自治县'},
                {value: 5266.66, name: '资源县'},
                {value: 5267.15, name: '平乐县'},
                {value: 52554.60, name: '恭城瑶族自治县'},
                {value: 2540.02, name: '荔浦市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '梧州市',
            data: [
                {value: 2413.66, name: '万秀区'},
                {value: 249.05, name: '长洲区'},
                {value: 5249.93, name: '龙圩区'},
                {value: 3467.67, name: '苍梧县'},
                {value: 24235.40, name: '藤县'},
                {value: 4212446.06, name: '蒙山县'},
                {value: 4634156.79, name: '岑溪市'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '北海市',
            data: [
                {value: 8.13, name: '海城区'},
                {value: 103.88, name: '银海区'},
                {value: 95.09, name: '铁山港区'},
                {value: 376.07, name: '合浦县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '防城港市',
            data: [
                {value: 4615.42, name: '港口区'},
                {value: 116464.58, name: '防城区'},
                {value: 186449.25, name: '上思县'},
                {value: 26445.43, name: '东兴市'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '钦州市',
            data: [
                {value: 253216.19, name: '钦南区'},
                {value: 2253444.46, name: '钦北区'},
                {value: 46301.32, name: '灵山县'},
                {value: 186363.70, name: '浦北县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '贵港市',
            data: [
                {value: 16375.75, name: '港北区'},
                {value: 22463.02, name: '港南区'},
                {value: 16373.68, name: '覃塘区'},
                {value: 36365.21, name: '平南县'},
                {value: 59633.50, name: '桂平市'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '玉林市',
            data: [
                {value: 6263.47, name: '玉州区'},
                {value: 10663.27, name: '福绵区'},
                {value: 16352.76, name: '容县'},
                {value: 16635.44, name: '陆川县'},
                {value: 36363.85, name: '博白县'},
                {value: 1684.96, name: '兴业县'},
                {value: 63203.82, name: '北流市'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '百色市',
            data: [
                {value: 85.15, name: '右江区'},
                {value: 108.91, name: '田阳区'},
                {value: 126.81, name: '田东县'},
                {value: 126.26, name: '德保县'},
                {value: 66.76, name: '那坡县'},
                {value: 58569.56, name: '凌云县'},
                {value: 4577.07, name: '乐业县'},
                {value: 1273.76, name: '田林县'},
                {value: 574745.41, name: '西林县'},
                {value: 147491.67, name: '隆林各族自治县'},
                {value: 21745.54, name: '靖西市'},
                {value: 12174.89, name: '平果市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '贺州市',
            data: [
                {value: 151.7415, name: '八步区'},
                {value: 102747.34, name: '平桂区'},
                {value: 53474.78, name: '昭平县'},
                {value: 13374.87, name: '钟山县'},
                {value: 187475.30, name: '富川瑶族自治县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '河池市',
            data: [
                {value: 9851.23, name: '金城江区'},
                {value: 353.60, name: '宜州区'},
                {value: 1385857.77, name: '南丹县'},
                {value: 56.20, name: '天峨县'},
                {value: 688559.20, name: '凤山县'},
                {value: 9853.06, name: '东兰县'},
                {value: 187.93, name: '罗城仫佬族自治县'},
                {value: 18591.88, name: '环江毛南族自治县'},
                {value: 7758.52, name: '巴马瑶族自治县'},
                {value: 18579.85, name: '都安瑶族自治县'},
                {value: 11582.21, name: '大化瑶族自治县'},
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '来宾市',
            data: [
                {value: 78513.64, name: '兴宾区'},
                {value: 16851.14, name: '忻城县'},
                {value: 16385.19, name: '象州县'},
                {value: 20588.51, name: '武宣县'},
                {value: 18582.55, name: '金秀瑶族自治县'},
                {value: 43585.61, name: '合山市'}
            ]
        },
        {
            name: '崇左市',
            data: [
                {value: 3885874.22, name: '江州区'},
                {value: 385572.66, name: '扶绥县'},
                {value: 278584.62, name: '宁明县'},
                {value: 858219.63, name: '龙州县'},
                {value: 23850.09, name: '大新县'},
                {value: 153855.80, name: '天等县'},
                {value: 268585.68, name: '凭祥市'}
            ]
        }
    ]
    var myChart = echarts.init(document.querySelector('.pie1 .chart'));
    var option = {
        tooltip: {
            trigger: 'item',
            formatter: '{a} <br/>{b} : {c} ({d}%)'
        },
        legend: {
            bottom: '0%',
            itemWidth: 10,
            itemHeight: 10,
            //图例文字设置
            textStyle: {
                color: "rgba(255,255,255,.5)",
                fontSize: "12"
            }
        },
        series: [
            {
                //color: ['#006cff', '#60cda0', '#ed8884', '#ff9f7f', '#0096ff', '#9fe6b8', '#32c5e9', '#1d9dff'],
                name: cityData[0].name,
                type: 'pie',
                //内圆半径和外圆半径
                radius: ['10%', '70%'],
                //水平居中和垂直居中
                center: ['50%', '40%'],
                roseType: 'radius',
                // 文本标签控制饼形图文字的相关样式， 注意它是一个对象
                label: {
                    color: '#fff',
                    fontSize: 12,
                },
                //引导线调整
                labelLine: {
                    show: true,
                    //连接扇形图线长
                    length: 6,
                    //连接文字线长
                    length2: 8
                },
                data: cityData[0].data
            }
        ]
    };
    myChart.setOption(option);
    //4、让图表跟随屏幕自适应
    window.addEventListener("resize", function () {
        myChart.resize();
    });
    //5、选择要显示的市区
    $('.code-select').on('change', function () {
        //获取选中的option的索引值
        var index = $(".code-select").get(0).selectedIndex;
        //更换数据
        option.series[0].name = cityData[index].name;
        option.series[0].data = cityData[index].data;
        //重新渲染
        myChart.setOption(option);
    });
})();
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